IntermediateTopic 65 of 112Civil & Structural

Tall building systems

Core, outrigger and tube systems resist lateral loads.

In depth

Systems for lateral resistance: shear-wall core, outrigger and belt truss, framed tube, bundled tube, diagrid, mega-columns. Drift and acceleration (comfort) govern rather than strength; foundations and vertical transportation are major considerations.

Key points

  • Wind-induced acceleration limits
  • Differential column shortening
  • Fire and egress
Example

Burj Khalifa uses a buttressed core with a Y-shaped plan.

Why it matters

Tall buildings need systems that resist lateral loads efficiently, and these systems shape the layout and cost of the whole tower.

Where this is used

  • Designing a core wall for a 40-storey office tower.
  • Adding outrigger trusses to link a core with perimeter columns.
  • Using a tube structure with closely spaced columns for a skyscraper.

Frequently asked questions

What is Tall building systems?

Core, outrigger and tube systems resist lateral loads.

Why is it important to understand tall building systems?

Tall buildings need systems that resist lateral loads efficiently, and these systems shape the layout and cost of the whole tower.

What is a core system?

A central shaft of walls, often housing lifts and stairs, which carries lateral load and provides stiffness.

What does an outrigger do?

It links the core to perimeter columns through a stiff truss, so the perimeter columns share the overturning resistance.

How is Tall building systems used in practice?

Typical applications include designing a core wall for a 40-storey office tower, adding outrigger trusses to link a core with perimeter columns and using a tube structure with closely spaced columns for a skyscraper.

What should I learn before Tall building systems?

Study "Base isolation and dampers" first (topic 64 of 112 in Civil & Structural). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.

What are the key points of Tall building systems?

Wind-induced acceleration limits. Differential column shortening. Fire and egress.

Can you give an example of Tall building systems?

Burj Khalifa uses a buttressed core with a Y-shaped plan.

What comes after Tall building systems?

The next topic is "Bridge engineering", which builds directly on this one.

How difficult is Tall building systems?

It is classed as Intermediate in Civil & Structural (topic 65 of 112). It is an intermediate topic. Work through the beginner topics in Civil & Structural first.

Learning path

Want to practise? Open the interactive course for quick checks, quizzes, simulations and progress tracking.

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