AdvancedTopic 91 of 104Software & Computing

Back-end development

Servers handle logic, data and APIs.

In depth

Servers implement business logic, data access, authentication and APIs using frameworks (Express, Django, Spring, .NET, Rails). Concerns: validation, concurrency, caching, logging, scaling, migrations, background jobs, configuration and observability. Language choice matters less than architecture.

Key points

  • MVC on the server
  • ORMs
  • 12-factor app
Example

A Django app serves JSON from a PostgreSQL database.

Why it matters

Back-end code holds the business logic, data access and APIs, so it determines correctness, security and performance of the service.

Where this is used

  • Writing an API that returns sensor readings for a dashboard.
  • Validating an order before saving it to the database.
  • Scheduling background jobs that process uploaded files.

Frequently asked questions

What is Back-end development?

Servers handle logic, data and APIs.

Why is it important to understand back-end development?

Back-end code holds the business logic, data access and APIs, so it determines correctness, security and performance of the service.

What does a back end do?

It receives requests, applies rules, reads and writes data, and returns responses to the front end or other services.

Why keep logic on the server?

Client code can be changed by users, so security checks and sensitive decisions must run on the server.

How is Back-end development used in practice?

Typical applications include writing an API that returns sensor readings for a dashboard, validating an order before saving it to the database and scheduling background jobs that process uploaded files.

What should I learn before Back-end development?

Study "Front-end frameworks" first (topic 90 of 104 in Software & Computing). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.

What are the key points of Back-end development?

MVC on the server. ORMs. 12-factor app.

Can you give an example of Back-end development?

A Django app serves JSON from a PostgreSQL database.

What comes after Back-end development?

The next topic is "Mobile development", which builds directly on this one.

How difficult is Back-end development?

It is classed as Advanced in Software & Computing (topic 91 of 104). It is an advanced topic. It assumes you are comfortable with the intermediate topics in Software & Computing.

Learning path

Want to practise? Open the interactive course for quick checks, quizzes, simulations and progress tracking.

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