AdvancedTopic 74 of 104Software & Computing

Relational databases

Store data in tables manipulated with SQL.

In depth

Relational databases store data in tables with rows and columns, relationships through primary and foreign keys, and a declarative language SQL. Enforce integrity constraints and support transactions. Examples: PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle.

Key points

  • Schema
  • Relational algebra
  • Views and stored procedures
Example

An orders table references customers by customer_id.

Why it matters

Relational databases store structured data reliably and let many programs share it safely, which is why they are used in most business systems.

Where this is used

  • Storing customer and order records in tables linked by keys.
  • Recording the history of sensor readings with timestamps.
  • Keeping project data where consistency across tables matters.

Frequently asked questions

What is Relational databases?

Store data in tables manipulated with SQL.

Why is it important to understand relational databases?

Relational databases store structured data reliably and let many programs share it safely, which is why they are used in most business systems.

What is a primary key?

A column or set of columns that uniquely identifies each row in a table.

What is a foreign key?

A column that refers to the primary key of another table, which links the data and enforces relationships.

How is Relational databases used in practice?

Typical applications include storing customer and order records in tables linked by keys, recording the history of sensor readings with timestamps and keeping project data where consistency across tables matters.

What should I learn before Relational databases?

Study "Cloud computing" first (topic 73 of 104 in Software & Computing). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.

What are the key points of Relational databases?

Schema. Relational algebra. Views and stored procedures.

Can you give an example of Relational databases?

An orders table references customers by customer_id.

What comes after Relational databases?

The next topic is "SQL queries and joins", which builds directly on this one.

How difficult is Relational databases?

It is classed as Advanced in Software & Computing (topic 74 of 104). It is an advanced topic. It assumes you are comfortable with the intermediate topics in Software & Computing.

Learning path

Want to practise? Open the interactive course for quick checks, quizzes, simulations and progress tracking.

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