BeginnerTopic 7 of 106Electrical Engineering
Energy and kilowatt-hours
Energy is power times time; household energy is billed in kWh.
In depth
Energy E=Pt in joules, or in kWh for billing (1 kWh=3.6 MJ). Cost is kWh × tariff. Energy efficiency reduces consumption: LED lamps give the same light at around 1/6 of the power of incandescent lamps.
Key points
- Standby loads add up
- Demand charges for industry
- Energy meters integrate power
ExampleA 2 kW heater running 3 hours uses 6 kWh.
What is Energy and kilowatt-hours?
Energy is power times time; household energy is billed in kWh.
Why is it important to understand energy and kilowatt-hours?
Energy bills and battery capacity use energy rather than power, so this unit links how long something runs to how much it costs.
How do I calculate a monthly electricity cost?
Multiply the power in kilowatts by the hours of use to get kWh, then multiply by the tariff in currency per kWh.
Is a kilowatt-hour a unit of power?
No. A kilowatt-hour is a unit of energy, the power of one kilowatt sustained for one hour.
How is Energy and kilowatt-hours used in practice?
Typical applications include estimating the monthly cost of running a fridge, predicting how long a phone battery lasts at a given power and comparing the energy use of two lighting options.
What should I learn before Energy and kilowatt-hours?
Study "Electric power" first (topic 6 of 106 in Electrical Engineering). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.
What are the key points of Energy and kilowatt-hours?
Standby loads add up. Demand charges for industry. Energy meters integrate power.
Can you give an example of Energy and kilowatt-hours?
A 2 kW heater running 3 hours uses 6 kWh.
What comes after Energy and kilowatt-hours?
The next topic is "Series circuits", which builds directly on this one.
How difficult is Energy and kilowatt-hours?
It is classed as Beginner in Electrical Engineering (topic 7 of 106). It is an entry-level topic. It relies only on basic school mathematics and the ideas introduced earlier in this discipline.