AdvancedTopic 100 of 104Engineering Mathematics
Graph theory
Nodes and edges model networks, circuits, schedules and routing.
In depth
A graph has nodes and edges, possibly directed or weighted. Concepts: paths, cycles, trees, connectivity, adjacency matrix. Applications: circuit analysis via nodal incidence, routing, scheduling with critical paths, and network flow.
Key points
- Euler and Hamilton paths
- Kirchhoff's laws are graph laws
- Shortest-path and max-flow algorithms
ExampleA power grid is a weighted graph of buses and lines.
Graphs describe networks of connected parts, so they are used for circuits, communication routing, supply chains and scheduling.
What is Graph theory?
Nodes and edges model networks, circuits, schedules and routing.
Why is it important to understand graph theory?
Graphs describe networks of connected parts, so they are used for circuits, communication routing, supply chains and scheduling.
What is the difference between a tree and a graph?
A tree is a connected graph with no cycles. A general graph can contain loops and multiple paths between nodes.
What does Dijkstra's algorithm compute?
It finds the shortest path from one node to all others when all edge weights are non-negative.
How is Graph theory used in practice?
Typical applications include finding the shortest path for a delivery route, checking whether a circuit has a loop that causes a problem and scheduling tasks with dependencies in a manufacturing plan.
What should I learn before Graph theory?
Study "Linear programming" first (topic 99 of 104 in Engineering Mathematics). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.
What are the key points of Graph theory?
Euler and Hamilton paths. Kirchhoff's laws are graph laws. Shortest-path and max-flow algorithms.
Can you give an example of Graph theory?
A power grid is a weighted graph of buses and lines.
What comes after Graph theory?
The next topic is "Z-transform and difference equations", which builds directly on this one.
How difficult is Graph theory?
It is classed as Advanced in Engineering Mathematics (topic 100 of 104). It is an advanced topic. It assumes you are comfortable with the intermediate topics in Engineering Mathematics.