AdvancedTopic 86 of 101Signals, Control & Comms
Modern codes
Turbo, LDPC and polar codes approach Shannon limit.
In depth
Turbo codes (iterative decoding of two convolutional codes) and LDPC codes (sparse parity-check graphs with belief propagation) approach Shannon limit within 0.5 dB; polar codes (channel polarisation) are provably capacity-achieving and used in 5G control channels. Used in 4G/5G, Wi-Fi, DVB and deep space.
Key points
- Iterative decoding
- EXIT charts
- 5G NR LDPC for data
ExampleWi-Fi 6 and 5G data channels use LDPC codes.
Modern codes approach the Shannon limit closely, so they are used in 5G, Wi-Fi and deep-space links where every decibel counts.
What is Modern codes?
Turbo, LDPC and polar codes approach Shannon limit.
Why is it important to understand modern codes?
Modern codes approach the Shannon limit closely, so they are used in 5G, Wi-Fi and deep-space links where every decibel counts.
What are LDPC codes?
Low-density parity-check codes with sparse parity matrices, decoded iteratively, which perform very close to the Shannon limit.
Why are polar codes special?
They achieve capacity by polarising the channel, and they are used in 5G for control channels.
How is Modern codes used in practice?
Typical applications include choosing LDPC codes for a 5G data channel, using polar codes for control information in 5G and designing a turbo-coded link for a deep-space probe.
What should I learn before Modern codes?
Study "Block and convolutional codes" first (topic 85 of 101 in Signals, Control & Comms). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.
What are the key points of Modern codes?
Iterative decoding. EXIT charts. 5G NR LDPC for data.
Can you give an example of Modern codes?
Wi-Fi 6 and 5G data channels use LDPC codes.
What comes after Modern codes?
The next topic is "Multiplexing", which builds directly on this one.
How difficult is Modern codes?
It is classed as Advanced in Signals, Control & Comms (topic 86 of 101). It is an advanced topic. It assumes you are comfortable with the intermediate topics in Signals, Control & Comms.