A mixture reaches a state where forward and reverse reaction rates match.
At equilibrium Gibbs function change is zero. K_p=Π P_i^{ν_i} depends on temperature (van 't Hoff). Le Chatelier: systems shift to oppose change. Determines product composition of combustion and reforming; high temperatures cause dissociation.
Higher pressure favours ammonia synthesis because it reduces moles.
Chemical equilibrium determines the final composition of reacting mixtures, so it sets the products and yield in combustion and chemical plants.
A mixture reaches a state where forward and reverse reaction rates match.
Chemical equilibrium determines the final composition of reacting mixtures, so it sets the products and yield in combustion and chemical plants.
A value that relates product and reactant concentrations or pressures at equilibrium, and it depends only on temperature.
For an exothermic reaction, higher temperature shifts equilibrium toward reactants, which reduces yield.
Typical applications include predicting the amount of nitrogen oxide formed at high temperature in an engine, choosing operating conditions for a reactor to maximise product yield and checking whether a fuel will fully react at the given temperature.
Study "Gas mixtures" first (topic 42 of 105 in Thermodynamics & Fluids). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.
Gibbs free energy. Equilibrium constant. Reaction quotient.
Higher pressure favours ammonia synthesis because it reduces moles.
The next topic is "Thermodynamic relations", which builds directly on this one.
It is classed as Intermediate in Thermodynamics & Fluids (topic 43 of 105). It is an intermediate topic. Work through the beginner topics in Thermodynamics & Fluids first.
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