AdvancedTopic 93 of 104Electronics & Embedded
Firmware over-the-air updates
Remote update with rollback improves maintenance.
In depth
OTA lets devices download and install new firmware remotely. Requirements: signed and encrypted images, dual-bank flash for rollback, version checks, power-fail safety, staged rollout and telemetry. Differential updates save bandwidth.
Key points
- A/B partitions
- Bootloader validation
- Update server infrastructure
ExampleA phone installs an update to a second partition and switches over after reboot.
What is Firmware over-the-air updates?
Remote update with rollback improves maintenance.
Why is it important to understand firmware over-the-air updates?
Over-the-air updates let you fix bugs and add features after a product ships, but they must be safe to avoid bricking devices.
What is rollback?
A feature that returns the device to the previous working firmware if the new version fails to start, which protects against bricking.
Why sign updates?
A signature proves that the image came from the manufacturer, so attackers cannot install malicious firmware.
How is Firmware over-the-air updates used in practice?
Typical applications include pushing a security fix to a fleet of smart meters, rolling back a failed update on a wearable and updating the firmware of a device in a remote location without a visit.
What should I learn before Firmware over-the-air updates?
Study "Embedded security" first (topic 92 of 104 in Electronics & Embedded). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.
What are the key points of Firmware over-the-air updates?
A/B partitions. Bootloader validation. Update server infrastructure.
Can you give an example of Firmware over-the-air updates?
A phone installs an update to a second partition and switches over after reboot.
What comes after Firmware over-the-air updates?
The next topic is "Hardware-in-the-loop testing", which builds directly on this one.
How difficult is Firmware over-the-air updates?
It is classed as Advanced in Electronics & Embedded (topic 93 of 104). It is an advanced topic. It assumes you are comfortable with the intermediate topics in Electronics & Embedded.