IntermediateTopic 52 of 104Electronics & Embedded

Hardware description languages

VHDL and Verilog describe digital hardware.

In depth

VHDL and Verilog describe hardware behaviour and structure (RTL), which is synthesised to gates. Concurrent semantics differ from software. Testbenches simulate designs before implementation. SystemVerilog adds verification features.

Key points

  • Synthesisable subset
  • Blocking vs non-blocking assignments
  • Simulation vs synthesis
Example

A counter in Verilog: always @(posedge clk) q<=q+1.

Why it matters

Hardware description languages describe digital circuits in code, which makes large designs possible and testable.

Where this is used

  • Writing a UART module in Verilog for an FPGA.
  • Simulating a counter in VHDL before synthesis.
  • Describing a state machine for a video controller.

Frequently asked questions

What is Hardware description languages?

VHDL and Verilog describe digital hardware.

Why is it important to understand hardware description languages?

Hardware description languages describe digital circuits in code, which makes large designs possible and testable.

What is the difference between VHDL and Verilog?

They describe the same kind of hardware with different syntax. VHDL is strongly typed and verbose, while Verilog is more compact and C-like.

Why simulate before synthesis?

Simulation finds logic errors cheaply, while mistakes found after building hardware are far more expensive to fix.

How is Hardware description languages used in practice?

Typical applications include writing a UART module in Verilog for an FPGA, simulating a counter in VHDL before synthesis and describing a state machine for a video controller.

What should I learn before Hardware description languages?

Study "Sampling theorem" first (topic 51 of 104 in Electronics & Embedded). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.

What are the key points of Hardware description languages?

Synthesisable subset. Blocking vs non-blocking assignments. Simulation vs synthesis.

Can you give an example of Hardware description languages?

A counter in Verilog: always @(posedge clk) q<=q+1.

What comes after Hardware description languages?

The next topic is "FPGA", which builds directly on this one.

How difficult is Hardware description languages?

It is classed as Intermediate in Electronics & Embedded (topic 52 of 104). It is an intermediate topic. Work through the beginner topics in Electronics & Embedded first.

Learning path

Want to practise? Open the interactive course for quick checks, quizzes, simulations and progress tracking.

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