IntermediateTopic 59 of 104Software & Computing

Processes and scheduling

Decide which process runs next using policies like round robin.

In depth

A process has its own address space; threads share one. Schedulers choose which ready task runs: FCFS, SJF, round robin, priority, multilevel feedback queue. Metrics: throughput, turnaround, waiting, response time and fairness. Context switches have overhead.

Key points

  • Process states
  • Time slices
  • Starvation and aging
Example

Round robin with 10 ms quanta shares CPU fairly among interactive tasks.

Why it matters

Scheduling decides which process gets the processor, which affects responsiveness, fairness and throughput.

Where this is used

  • Choosing a scheduling policy that keeps a user interface responsive.
  • Assigning priorities to real-time tasks on an embedded system.
  • Comparing round robin and priority scheduling for a server.

Frequently asked questions

What is Processes and scheduling?

Decide which process runs next using policies like round robin.

Why is it important to understand processes and scheduling?

Scheduling decides which process gets the processor, which affects responsiveness, fairness and throughput.

What is round robin scheduling?

Each process gets a fixed time slice in turn, which gives fair sharing but may not suit tasks with different urgencies.

What is preemption?

Interrupting a running process so another can run, which allows fast response to urgent tasks.

How is Processes and scheduling used in practice?

Typical applications include choosing a scheduling policy that keeps a user interface responsive, assigning priorities to real-time tasks on an embedded system and comparing round robin and priority scheduling for a server.

What should I learn before Processes and scheduling?

Study "Operating systems" first (topic 58 of 104 in Software & Computing). It covers the groundwork this topic builds on.

What are the key points of Processes and scheduling?

Process states. Time slices. Starvation and aging.

Can you give an example of Processes and scheduling?

Round robin with 10 ms quanta shares CPU fairly among interactive tasks.

What comes after Processes and scheduling?

The next topic is "Virtual memory", which builds directly on this one.

How difficult is Processes and scheduling?

It is classed as Intermediate in Software & Computing (topic 59 of 104). It is an intermediate topic. Work through the beginner topics in Software & Computing first.

Learning path

Want to practise? Open the interactive course for quick checks, quizzes, simulations and progress tracking.

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